Villar-Vesga et al. (BioRxiv) DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.18.612891 In this preprint, the authors investigate the source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that determine the severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) in mice. Tissue damage due to ROS production is a key feature in MS. However, the major contributing cells responsible for this damage remain poorly classified. Using multiple human and murine high resolution sequencing data sets, the authors generate an integrated map of brain macrophages and identify an

Stevens et al. (BioRxiv) DOI:10.1101/2024.04.09.588427 In this preprint, the authors sought to understand why certain infants are predisposed to severe manifestations of respiratory viral infections such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) where other new-borns are not. Given that perturbations to the gut microbiota during infancy are associated with an increased risk of such severe infections, the authors hypothesized that the normal development of the gut microbiota during infancy is

Ben-Chetrit et al. (BioRxiv) DOI:10.1101/2023.10.24.563749 The local signals which regulate diverse tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) phenotypes and therefore different clinical outcomes in breast cancer are not well understood. As such, Ben-Chetrit N et al. investigate the molecular mechanisms which regulate macrophage heterogeneity in solid tumours. Here, Ben-Chetrit N et al use novel organotypic tumour microenvironment (oTME) and mouse models of breast cancer to demonstrate that a subset of F4/80high