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    HONOLULU — A patient’s sputum microbiome may serve as a biomarker for the outcome of antibiotic treatment for nontuberculosis mycobacterial pulmonary disease, according to research presented at the CHEST Annual Meeting.Microbial diversity at baseline appeared higher among those who reached a microbiologic cure vs. those resistant to treatment, and both sets of patients had different

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    • 🗨️ At #CHEST2023: “Although several things have to be clarified, our study in part suggests that the #sputum #microbiome can potentially serve as an index for predicting treatment outcomes," Noeul Kang, MD, at Samsung Medical Center in Seoul, told Healio. https://t.co/ZSZeLA3m41

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    HONOLULU — World Trade Center firefighters with lung disease showed increases in Bacteroides ovatus after 6 months on a low-calorie Mediterranean diet, according to a presentation at the CHEST Annual Meeting.This specific bacterial species may have a positive impact on metabolic and lung health by decreasing inflammation, according to researchers.

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    • "Even though our study was small and focused on a homogeneous population of WTC-exposed firefighters, we were able to find a #microbiome signature that we continue to explore in this ... population,” @anolan_md, MD, FCCP, at @nyulangone, said. #CHEST2023 https://t.co/ahfBlUqeBD

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    Shelton et al. determine that early-life antibiotics exacerbate diet-induced obesity by disrupting interactions between the gut microbiota and the small intestine epithelium. Their study identifies that a Lactobacillus-derived metabolite, phenyllactic acid, regulates intestinal PPAR-γ to limit fat accumulation, revealing a mechanism by which the early-life microbiota protects against metabolic dysfunction.

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    • An early-life microbiota metabolite protects against obesity by regulating intestinal lipid metabolism: Cell Host & Microbe #microbiota #microbiome #obesity https://t.co/4KQOazd7RX