1 Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan 2 One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan 3 Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institute for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan The accumulation of a disease-specific isoform of prion protein (PrP Sc) and histopathological lesions, such as neuronal loss, are unevenly distributed in the brains

Axonis T herapeutics Inc., Boston, MA, United States KCC2 is CNS neuron-specific chloride extruder, essential for the establishment and maintenance of the transmembrane chloride gradient, thereby enabling synaptic inhibition within the CNS. Herein, we highlight KCC2 hypofunction as a fundamental and conserved pathology contributing to neuronal circuit excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalances that underly epilepsies, chronic pain, neuro-developmental/-traumatic/-degenerative/-psychiatric disorders. Indeed,

1 Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus at Drexel University, Elkins Park, PA, United States 2 Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States Retinal membrane guanylyl cyclase (RetGC), regulated by guanylyl cyclase activating proteins (GCAPs) via negative calcium-feedback, is one of the most critically important enzymes in vertebrate rod and cone physiology, enabling their sensitivity to light. It was also reported that, similarly to olfactory receptor

1 Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States 2 Institute of Bioelementology, Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia 3 Center of Bioelementology and Human Ecology, IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia 4 Department of Medical Elementology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia 5 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of

Tian Jiang 1,2,3 ‡ Guozhen Niu 4 ‡ Chunping Wu 2,3,5 Xiaomeng Tu 2,3 Jian Xiao 2,3 Xue Li 2,3 Jie-Guang Chen 2,3 * Huateng Cao 2,3 * † 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital (The First People’s Hospital of Wenling), Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China 3 Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Optometry

1 Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada 2 Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 3 Department of Behavioral Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan 4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada 5 TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CRND), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON,