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Mashup Score: 4Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism - 5 month(s) ago
Biological mechanisms to promote dietary balance remain unclear. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been suggested to contribute to such potential regulation considering that FGF21 1) is genetically associated with carbohydrate/sugar and protein intake in opposite directions, 2) is secreted after sugar ingestion and protein restriction, and 3) pharmacologically reduces sugar and increases protein intake in rodents. To gain insight of the nature of this potential regulation, we aimed to study macronutrient interactions in the secretory regulation of FGF21 in healthy humans. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, crossover meal study (NCT05061485), wherein healthy volunteers consumed a sucrose drink, a sucrose + protein drink, and a sucrose + fat drink (matched sucrose content), and compared postprandial FGF21 responses between the three macronutrient combinations. Protein suppressed the sucrose-induced FGF21 secretion [incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for sucrose 484 ± 1
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, CardiologistsTweet
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Mashup Score: 6Effect of increased oxygen affinity and anemia on cardiac output and its distribution | Journal of Applied Physiology - 5 month(s) ago
Effect of increased blood O2 affinity on cardiac output and its distribution was studied in conscious sedated rats by the microsphere-reference sample method. After a preliminary measurement of cardiac output and its distribution, rats were exchange transfused with normal blood or low-P50 (PO2 at which hemoglobin is half-saturated with O2) blood; other groups were made anemic with and without a simultaneous reduction in P50. Reduction in P50 from 38 to 17 Torr did not change cardiac output, pulse, or blood pressure but caused, after allowance for changes in controls, a 102% increase in coronary blood flow and an 88% increase in cerebral blood flow. Anemia (hematocrit = 22%) produced similar changes in coronary and cerebral flow. When anemia was combined with a 12-Torr reduction in P50, coronary and cerebral flow increased by 297 and 209%, respectively. These increases in coronary and cerebral flow were not attributable to increased cardiac work or hypercapnia. It is concluded that a le
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
15/ A final adaptation is the redistribution of blood flow to augment the heart and brain over other organs. This ensures that the most vital organs continue to receive adequate O₂ delivery. https://t.co/fzm8JCK3Pu https://t.co/jN6dJnTXf9
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Mashup Score: 8Effects of blood viscosity on hemodynamic responses in acute normovolemic anemia | American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content - 5 month(s) ago
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Vol. 166, No. 1 3 February 2022 | PLOS ONE, Vol. 17, No. 2 30 September 2017 | Basic Research in Cardiology, Vol. 112, No. 6 Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, Vol. 26, No. 13 7 February 2014 | Extreme Physiology & Medicine, Vol. 3, No. 1 17 February 2014 | Transfusion, Vol. 54, No. 10pt2 Anesthesia & Analgesia, Vol. 114, No. 3 29 May 2010 | Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d’anesthésie, Vol. 57, No. 8 The Journal of Pediatrics, Vol. 153,
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
12/ As the viscosity of blood decreases, venous return increases leading to an increase in cardiac output. https://t.co/G7xsHXX9cy https://t.co/IeuzvN6OAk
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Mashup Score: 8Cardiovascular Aging: Spotlight on Mitochondria | American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology - 5 month(s) ago
Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for ATP production and are particularly relevant to cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemia reperfusion injury, and cardiomyopathies. With advancing age, even in the absence of clinical disease, mitochondrial homeostasis becomes disrupted (e.g. redox balance, mitochondrial DNA damage, oxidative metabolism, and mitochondrial quality control). Mitochondrial dysregulation leads to the accumulation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria, producing excessive reactive oxygen species and perpetuating mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, mitochondrial DNA, cardiolipin, and N-formyl peptides are potent activators of cell-intrinsic and extrinsic inflammatory pathways. These age-related mitochondrial changes contribute to development of cardiovascular diseases. This review covers the impact of aging on mitochondria and links these mechanisms to therapeutic implications for age-associated cardiovascular disease
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, CardiologistsTweet-
RT @agingdoc1: Cardiovascular Aging: Spotlight on Mitochondria https://t.co/WYt7sTMzxn 👏@md_akkas_ali @dantyrr @UABPathology | @ThePhySo…
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Mashup Score: 1
Skeletal muscle is a highly complex tissue that is studied by scientists from a wide spectrum of disciplines, including motor control, biomechanics, exercise science, physiology, cell biology, genetics, regenerative medicine, orthopedics, and engineering. While this diversity in perspectives has led to many important discoveries, historically there has been limited overlap in discussions across fields. This has led to misconceptions and oversimplifications about muscle biology which can create confusion and potentially slow scientific progress across fields. The purpose of this synthesis paper is to bring together research perspectives across multiple muscle fields to identify common assumptions related to muscle fiber type that are points of concern to clarify. These assumptions include: 1) classification by myosin isoform and fiber oxidative capacity is equivalent, 2) fiber cross-sectional area is a surrogate marker for myosin isoform or oxidative capacity, and 3) muscle force-genera
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
Fiber type traps: revisiting common misconceptions about skeletal muscle fiber types with application to motor control, biomechanics, physiology, and biology https://t.co/tLrstU0I2h via @kaesser et al
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Mashup Score: 340
There is growing interest in how breathing pace, pattern, and training (e.g., device-guided or -resisted breathing) affect cardiovascular health. It is unknown whether the route of breathing (nasal vs. oral) affects prognostic cardiovascular variables. Because nasal breathing can improve other physiological variables (e.g., airway dilation), we hypothesized that nasal compared with oral breathing would acutely lower blood pressure (BP) and improve heart rate variability (HRV) metrics. We tested 20 adults in this study [13 females/7 males; age: 18(1) years, median (IQR); body mass index: 23 ± 2 kg·m−2, means ± SD]. We compared variables between nasal- and oral-only breathing (random order, five min each) using paired, two-tailed t tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank paired tests with significance set to P < 0.05. We report the median (interquartile range) for diastolic BP and means ± SD for all other variables. We found that nasal breathing was associated with a lower mean BP (nasal: 84 ± 7 v
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, General HCPsTweet-
Nasal breathing (breathing though your nose) may have heart health benefits. Studies show it lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure and increases heart rate variability. (a marker of heart health) #health https://t.co/ebGFMATx6v https://t.co/nSsFOajquN
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Mashup Score: 2
Skeletal muscle is a highly complex tissue that is studied by scientists from a wide spectrum of disciplines, including motor control, biomechanics, exercise science, physiology, cell biology, genetics, regenerative medicine, orthopedics, and engineering. While this diversity in perspectives has led to many important discoveries, historically there has been limited overlap in discussions across fields. This has led to misconceptions and oversimplifications about muscle biology which can create confusion and potentially slow scientific progress across fields. The purpose of this synthesis paper is to bring together research perspectives across multiple muscle fields to identify common assumptions related to muscle fiber type that are points of concern to clarify. These assumptions include: 1) classification by myosin isoform and fiber oxidative capacity is equivalent, 2) fiber cross-sectional area is a surrogate marker for myosin isoform or oxidative capacity, and 3) muscle force-genera
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
Fiber type traps: revisiting common misconceptions about skeletal muscle fiber types with application to motor control, biomechanics, physiology, and biology https://t.co/8o2l20DH2f via @kaesser et al
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Mashup Score: 0Characterizing the metabolic response of the zebrafish kidney to overfeeding | American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology - 6 month(s) ago
Obesity is a global epidemic and risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease. Obesity induces systemic changes in metabolism, but how it affects kidney metabolism specifically is not known. Zebrafish have previously been shown to develop obesity-related kidney pathology and dysfunction when fed hypercaloric diets. To understand the direct effects of obesity on kidney metabolic function, we treated zebrafish for 8 wk with a control and an overfeeding diet. At the end of treatment, we assessed changes in kidney and fish weights and used electron microscopy to evaluate cell ultrastructure. We then performed an untargeted metabolomic analysis on the kidney tissue of fish using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry and used mummichog and gene set enrichment analysis to uncover differentially affected metabolic pathways. Kidney metabolomes differed significantly and consistently between the control and overfed diets. Among 9
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, NephrologyTweet-
And his paper’s already just published in @AJPRenal Check it out here https://t.co/NWeCTwNm5s #KidneyWk https://t.co/ap79qKgPZw
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Mashup Score: 4Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans | American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism - 7 month(s) ago
Biological mechanisms to promote dietary balance remain unclear. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been suggested to contribute to such potential regulation considering that FGF21 1) is genetically associated with carbohydrate/sugar and protein intake in opposite directions, 2) is secreted after sugar ingestion and protein restriction, and 3) pharmacologically reduces sugar and increases protein intake in rodents. To gain insight of the nature of this potential regulation, we aimed to study macronutrient interactions in the secretory regulation of FGF21 in healthy humans. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, crossover meal study (NCT05061485), wherein healthy volunteers consumed a sucrose drink, a sucrose + protein drink, and a sucrose + fat drink (matched sucrose content), and compared postprandial FGF21 responses between the three macronutrient combinations. Protein suppressed the sucrose-induced FGF21 secretion [incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for sucrose 484 ± 1
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: General Medicine News, CardiologistsTweet-
RT @agingdoc1: Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans https://t.co/uGn0kZmugj https://t.co/BoPdn2qFQX
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Mashup Score: 1
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common co-morbidity in people with HIV (PWH) and impaired coronary endothelial function (CEF) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Age-related impaired CEF among PWH, however, is not well characterized. We investigated the association between CEF and age in males and females with and without HIV using 3T magnetic resonance imaging. We measured the changes in coronary cross-sectional area (CSA) and coronary blood flow during isometric handgrip exercise, an established endothelial-dependent stressor with smaller increases in CSA and coronary blood flow indicative of impaired CEF. We included 106 PWH and 82 HIV-negative individuals. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics between PWH and HIV-negative individuals were explored using Pearson’s chi-squared test for categorical variables and Welch’s t-test for continuous variables. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between CEF and age. CEF was significa
Source: journals.physiology.orgCategories: Cardiologists, Latest HeadlinesTweet-
Coronary artery endothelial function and aging in people with HIV & HIV-negative individuals | American Journal of Physiology-Heart & Circulatory Physiology @CiccaroneCenter @hopkinsheart @HopkinsMedicine @TLeucker https://t.co/oXYLwFhKBa
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RT @agingdoc1: Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humans https://t.co/uGn0kZmugj https://t.co/BoPdn2qFQX