AbstractBackground:. The current e-cigarette market has been rapidly evolving with an increase in the share of high nicotine concentration vaping products. This study examined urinary biomarkers of exposure (BOE) by nicotine concentration level among exclusive e-cigarette users.Methods:. Data were drawn from wave 5 (December 2018–November 2019) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study. Between-subject differences in BOEs of nicotine, metal, tobacco-specific nitrosamine, and volatile organic compounds were examined across e-cigarettes containing nicotine or not [yes (n = 300) vs. no (n = 31) vs. non-tobacco use (n = 3,021)] and different nicotine concentration levels (0.1%–1.7%, 1.8%–4.9%, and 5.0%+).Results:. Among 3,353 participants, exclusive e-cigarette users exhibited higher mean concentrations of nicotine metabolites than non-tobacco users. Nicotine e-cigarette users had higher concentrations of total nicotine equivalents-2 [TNE2; mean (95% confidence interval), 21

The burden of cancer is growing in Africa because of the aging and growth of the population, as well as the adoption of “westernized” lifestyles such as co

AbstractBackground:. Scanning with low-dose computed tomography reduces lung cancer mortality by 20% among high-risk individuals. Despite its efficacy, the uptake of lung cancer screening (LCS) remains low. Our study aimed to estimate state-level and nationwide LCS rates among eligible individuals and to assess disparities in LCS uptake.Methods:. Data for this study were obtained from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to model the associations between predictors and outcome variables and to examine LCS variability across states.Results:. Of the 28,071 participants eligible for LCS, 17.24% underwent LCS. Participants ages 65 to 79 years were [OR, 1.75; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.54–1.99] more likely to undergo LCS than their younger counterparts. Those who were female (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.73–0.94); divorced, separated, or widowed (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74–0.98); without health insurance (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.53

The burden of cancer is growing in Africa because of the aging and growth of the population, as well as the adoption of “westernized” lifestyles such as co

Abstract. The risk of gastric cancer among immigrants from countries where Helicobacter pylori is endemic greatly exceeds those born in the United States. Among patients in the Los Angeles safety-net health system, the risk of advanced and fatal gastric cancer is higher in Hispanic versus non-Hispanic patients. There is an urgent need to define whether this reflects concomitant illnesses, such as metabolic disease, occupational exposures, or differential access to H. pylori eradication and endoscopic gastric cancer screening programs.See related article by Klingbeil et al., p. 75

AbstractBackground:. Gastric adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of global cancer mortality and leading infection-associated cancer. Gastric cancer has significant geographic variability, with a high incidence in East Asia and mountainous regions of Latin America. In the United States, gastric cancer represents a marked disparity with incidence rates that are two to three times higher in Hispanics compared to non-Hispanic Whites.Methods:. We conducted a national retrospective study of incident gastric cancer in El Salvador from to 2000 to 2014 to estimate the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) by using a combination of pathology and endoscopy databases. A unique multisectorial coalition was formed between the Ministry of Health (MINSAL) and ES Gastroenterology Society (AGEDES), representing public hospitals (n = 5), governmental employee hospitals (ISSS, n = 5), and private facilities (n = 6), accounting for >95% of national endoscopy capacity. HER2 and EBV tumor status was

Abstract. Alcoholic beverages are carcinogenic to humans. Globally, an estimated 4.1% of new cancer cases in 2020 were attributable to alcoholic beverages. However, the full cancer burden due to alcohol is uncertain because for many cancer (sub)types, associations remain inconclusive. Additionally, associations of consumption with therapeutic response, disease progression, and long-term cancer outcomes are not fully understood, public awareness of the alcohol–cancer link is low, and the interrelationships of alcohol control regulations and cancer risk are unclear. In December 2020, the U.S. NCI convened a workshop and public webinar that brought together a panel of scientific experts to review what is known about and identify knowledge gaps regarding alcohol and cancer. Examples of gaps identified include: (i) associations of alcohol consumption patterns across the life course with cancer risk; (ii) alcohol’s systemic carcinogenic effects; (iii) alcohol’s influence on treatment efficac

Abstract. Alcoholic beverages are carcinogenic to humans. Globally, an estimated 4.1% of new cancer cases in 2020 were attributable to alcoholic beverages. However, the full cancer burden due to alcohol is uncertain because for many cancer (sub)types, associations remain inconclusive. Additionally, associations of consumption with therapeutic response, disease progression, and long-term cancer outcomes are not fully understood, public awareness of the alcohol–cancer link is low, and the interrelationships of alcohol control regulations and cancer risk are unclear. In December 2020, the U.S. NCI convened a workshop and public webinar that brought together a panel of scientific experts to review what is known about and identify knowledge gaps regarding alcohol and cancer. Examples of gaps identified include: (i) associations of alcohol consumption patterns across the life course with cancer risk; (ii) alcohol’s systemic carcinogenic effects; (iii) alcohol’s influence on treatment efficac