Atypical GABA Receptors in Pain Circuits Elena Neumann, Teresa Cramer, Mario Acuña, Louis Scheurer, Camilla Beccarini et al. (see article e0591242024) Inhibitory GABAA receptors in the central nervous system are usually composed of two alpha, two beta, and one gamma subunits. These subunits are heterogeneous: there are six different alpha subtypes, three beta subtypes, and three gamma subtypes. The composition of GABAA receptors is important clinically because the subunits can be distinctly targeted by treatments for different disease symptoms. Benzodiazepines …

New Myelination and Remyelination Molecular Insights Siying Cui, Tong Chen, Dazhuan Xin, Fangbing Chen, Xiaowen Zhong et al. (see article e0141242024) Axon myelination is important for fast and efficient neuronal communication. The timing of myelination is linked to proper development of cognitive and motor skills. Oligodendrocytes are a type of neuroglia that aid in axon myelination and remyelination following injury. They are regulated by many factors, including transcriptional regulators like zinc-finger protein ZFP488. In this issue, Cui et al. explored, for the first time, what happens when ZFP488 signaling is …

Neuroscience research has evolved to generate increasingly large and complex experimental data sets, and advanced data science tools are taking on central roles in neuroscience research. Neurodata Without Borders (NWB), a standard language for neurophysiology data, has recently emerged as a powerful solution for data management, analysis, and sharing. We here discuss our labs’ efforts to implement NWB data science pipelines. We describe general principles and specific use cases that illustrate successes, challenges, and non-trivial decisions in software engineering. We hope that our experience can provide guidance for the neuroscience community and help bridge the gap between experimental neuroscience and data science. Key takeaways from this article are that (1) standardization with NWB requires non-trivial design choices; (2) the general practice of standardization in the lab promotes data awareness and literacy, and improves transparency, rigor, and reproducibility in our science; (

Basolateral Amygdala Circuits for Fear Depend on Context Joanna Yau, Amy Li, Lauren Abdallah, Leszek Lisowski, and Gavan McNally (see article e0857242024) In this issue, neuroscientists continue to illuminate the context dependence of circuit activation. Yau et al. investigated appetitive and aversive basolateral amygdala (BLA) circuits using photometry recordings in rats. Rats learned to associate a sound with a footshock in two contexts: a neutral environment or an environment in which they could lever press for a food reward. …

Sleep May Enhance Motor Recovery during Rehabilitation Agustin Benjamin Ezequiel Solano, Gonzalo Lerner, Guillermina Griffa, Alvaro Deleglise, Pedro Caffaro et al. (see article e0325242024) Sleep enhances how well we retain autobiographical memories, such as a pleasant memory of riding your bike with a friend. But its role in how well we retain unconscious memories, like the act of riding a bike, is disputed. In this issue, Solano et al. investigated how sleep contributes to an aspect of motor skill …