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Mashup Score: 1A consensus statement on potential negative impacts of smartphone and social media use on adolescent mental health - 8 day(s) ago
The impact of smartphones and social media use on adolescent mental health remains widely debated. To clarify expert opinion, we convened over 120 international researchers from 11 disciplines, representing a broad range of views. Using a Delphi method, the panel evaluated 26 claims covering international trends in adolescent mental health, causal links to smartphones and social media, and policy recommendations. The experts suggested 1,400 references and produced a consensus statement for each claim. The following conclusions were rated as accurate or somewhat accurate by 92–97% of respondents: First, adolescent mental health has declined in several Western countries over the past 20 years. Second, heavy smartphone and social media use can cause sleep problems. Third, smartphone and social media use correlate with attention problems and behavioural addiction. Fourth, among girls, social media use may be associated with body dissatisfaction, perfectionism, exposure to mental disorders,
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet
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Mashup Score: 3
Living things must monitor and regulate cellular-level energy supply, demand, and transformation capacity to remain alive. They do so through a brain-directed interoceptive process we refer to as “metaboception.” Here, we introduce a specific metaboceptive signaling cascade mediated by the metabokine/cytokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), which we name “mitoception.” Mitoception involves afferent signaling initiated by the integrative stress response (ISR) and efferent signaling that induces energy conservation and promotes fuel mobilization. Afferent mitoceptive signaling is mediated by GDF15 released when cells face energy demand in excess of their energy transformation capacity, creating an “energy gap”. Efferent mitoceptive signaling arises when GDF15 receptors in the brainstem receive the signal and initiate psychological experiences including fatigue and anxiety, together with neuroendocrine stress responses. Mitoceptive outputs thus reprioritize systemic energy metab
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
How does the brain monitor our energy status? https://t.co/5Eob4fMS4O via @MitoPsychoBio et al https://t.co/30xI8XHr72
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Mashup Score: 1The time course of local coherence effects: Evidence from self-paced reading times and event-related potentials - 14 day(s) ago
In sentences like “The coach smiled at the player tossed a frisbee,” the string “the player tossed a frisbee” cannot be an active subject-verb-object (SVO) clause given the preceding context; yet, comprehenders seem to entertain this incorrect parse, at least momentarily. Behaviorally, this momentary mis-parse is expressed as greater difficulty during and after the SVO phrase is read. This phenomenon, called local coherence effect, has important implications for sentence processing theories that treat grammar as a strict filter during incremental sentence processing: Under such a strict filter, local coherence effects should never occur. Several studies report the existence of local coherence effects in languages like English, German, and Hindi, but one question remains unanswered: at what moment is the local coherence effect triggered, and how quickly does grammar override the mis-parse? We investigate the time course of local coherence effects through two relatively large-scale e
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
The time course of local coherence effects: Evidence from self-paced reading times and event-related potentials https://t.co/VKiGF4zpMU via @pia_schoknecht et al https://t.co/R1uvWIbM5q
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Mashup Score: 4
The Cass Report aimed to provide recommendations for how services for gender diverse children and young people should be delivered in England. Our critical appraisal reveals significant methodological and conceptual flaws within the report and the research commissioned to inform the report, which included seven systematic reviews and both quantitative and qualitative primary research. Using the ROBIS tool, we identified a high risk of bias in each of the systematic reviews driven by unexplained protocol deviations, ambiguous eligibility criteria, inadequate study identification, and the failure to integrate consideration of these limitations into the conclusions derived from the evidence syntheses. We also identified potential sources of bias and unsubstantiated claims in the primary research that suggest a double standard in the quality of evidence produced for the Cass Report compared to quality appraisal in the systematic reviews. We discuss these issues in relation to how evidence
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
Critical appraisal of the Cass Review on gender affirming care https://t.co/AQcqqfita7 via @AlexAshman et al https://t.co/12hDXq93wu
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Mashup Score: 0Personality Traits and Traditional Philanthropy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - 26 day(s) ago
Volunteering and charitable giving are core examples of traditional philanthropy that contribute to the health of democratic societies and individual well-being. Differences in people’s willingness to engage in these behaviors hint at a role of psychological factors that foster or hinder these types of philanthropic engagement. Theory and empirical research suggest that broad personality traits may shape volunteering and charitable giving. However, existing evidence for links between specific traits and philanthropic engagement has been mixed, in part because of insufficient statistical power and methodological variation across studies. In this preregistered meta-analysis, we integrated data from 29 studies to estimate the associations between the Big Five personality traits with volunteering (N = 91,241, Median age = 34 years, 61% female, 36% U.S. samples) and charitable giving (N = 3559, Median age = 39 years, 52% female, 40% U.S. samples). We further examined potential moderators, i
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine News, NeurologyTweet-
“Personality Traits and Traditional Philanthropy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis” by Christopher J. Hopwood et al. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology https://t.co/j92V4Ig4bB
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Mashup Score: 17Major Flaws in Taylor et al.’s (2025) Meta-analysis on Fluoride Exposure and Children’s IQ Scores - 1 month(s) ago
A recent meta-analysis in this journal (Taylor et al 2025) produced ostensible evidence of a negative correlation between fluoride exposure and intelligence in children, which garnered major public attention. There has, however, been criticism of this undertaking and conclusions. In order to address the controversy over this work, we in this special communication undertake an independent forensic meta-science review of the methodology and statistical approaches employed and inferences drawn by the authors, as well as an investigation of the underlying data integrity of the constituent studies. We find that the authors employed unjustified methodological and statistical errors which invalidate their conclusion, and demonstrate that the data cannot be analysed as the authors assert. We further find major problems with the sources employed, including reliance on studies from non-MEDLINE indexed publications with an anti-fluoridation editorial stance, and major underlying issues with the d
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
Major Flaws in @kylawtaylor et al’s (2025) Meta-analysis on Fluoride Exposure and Children’s IQ Scores https://t.co/OaZF74d1aI via @MatthewBJane et al https://t.co/1LzCNNASfM
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Mashup Score: 1Gratitude and Wellbeing: A Robust Relationship Across Individual Differences, but Moderated by Context and Culture - 1 month(s) ago
Gratitude is a key contributor to wellbeing, yet the roles of individual factors such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) in this relationship remain unclear. Additionally, little is known about whether this relationship varies across cultural and societal contexts. Across four studies (total N = 220,314; 67 countries) using cross-sectional and daily diary data, we show that wellbeing is closely tied to gratitude experiences, with no meaningful universal individual differences across age, gender, SES, or education. However, this connection varies across contexts and cultures: The gratitude-wellbeing link was weaker in a pandemic context (versus post-pandemic) and moderated by various country-level factors, such as national income and collectivism. As the first systematic study to examine the gratitude-wellbeing relationship across a broad range of individual, contextual, and cultural differences, these findings underscore the significant role of gratitude in wellbeing and re
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
Gratitude and Wellbeing: A Robust Relationship Across Individual Differences, but Moderated by Context and Culture https://t.co/oCZDhvcaVk via @TeulingsIrene et al https://t.co/pi8cN9875T
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Mashup Score: 53What does evolution make? Dynamics underlying learning in living lineages and machines. - 4 month(s) ago
Living forms present three fundamental challenges to our understanding: First, they self-assemble – performing all of the decision-making needed to construct a functional, complex body while the computational material itself is being reorganized on-the-fly. Second, they reach the correct target morphology reliably, utilizing heredity mechanisms to propagate specific patterns of form and behavior through time. Crucially, third, this process is almost never hard-wired, but instead offers immense plasticity, able to complete morphogenetic tasks despite perturbations of external environment and internal components. This capacity to navigate the morphospace of possible anatomies, to produce the correct final pattern in the face of novel situations, or to create something completely different (never before seen by evolution) but nevertheless coherent and adaptively functional, is an example of problem-solving ability in a high-dimensional latent space. This lynchpin capacity ties together fi
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine News, Future of MedicineTweet-
RT @drmichaellevin: New #preprint @BeneHartl https://t.co/MlB29AwjJw "What does evolution make? Learning in living lineages and machines"…
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Mashup Score: 2Quality Assessment of Generative Artificial Intelligence Psychotherapy Chatbots Used by Youth - 4 month(s) ago
Objective: To comprehensively evaluate and compare the quality of widely used Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) chatbots with psychotherapeutic capabilities. Design, Setting, Participants: In this cross-sectional study, trained raters used an evaluation framework to rate the quality of five chatbots from GenAI platforms widely used by youth. Exposures: Trained raters roleplayed as youth using personas of youth with mental health challenges to prompt chatbots, facilitating conversations. Chatbot responses were generated from August 2024 to October 2024. Main Outcome(s): The primary outcomes were rated scores in nine sections. The proportion of high-quality ratings (binary rating of 1) across each section was compared between chatbots using Bonferroni-corrected χ2 tests. Results: While GenAI chatbots were found to be accessible (104 high-quality ratings [86.7%]) and avoided harmful statements and misinformation (71 of 80 [88.8%]), they performed poorly in their therapeutic appro
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
Quality Assessment of Generative Artificial Intelligence Psychotherapy Chatbots Used by Youth https://t.co/OF1Po7mhb0 via @KMsob et al @SameiHuda @DrK_W1984 https://t.co/9pbkEmtQJu
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Mashup Score: 5
Is a biological self-organising system more `intelligent’ than an artificial intelligence? If so, why? We frame intelligence as adaptability, and explore this question using a mathematical formalism of enactive causal learning. We extend it to formalise the multilayer, multiscale, bottom-up distributed computational architecture of biological self-organisation. We then show that this architecture allows for more efficient adaptation than the static top-down interpreters typically used in computers. To put it provocatively, biology is more intelligent because cells adapt to provide a helpful inductive bias, and static interpreters do not. We call this multilayer-causal-learning. However it inherits a flaw of biological self-organisation. Cells becomes cancerous when isolated from the collective informational structure, reverting to primitive transcriptional behaviour. We show that, in the context of our formalism, failure states like cancer occur when systems are too tightly constrained
Source: osf.ioCategories: General Medicine News, Hem/OncsTweet-
Are Biological Systems More Intelligent Than Artificial Intelligence? https://t.co/ZsGEthCM2e via @MiTiBennett https://t.co/3WotoXVrNZ
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A consensus statement on potential negative impacts of smartphone and social media use on adolescent mental health https://t.co/szcGv0afUy via @ValerioCapraro et al https://t.co/ArCMAehDFE