Postmortem examination of a dual-chamber leadless pacemaker system: Implications for chronic atrial leadless pacemaker removal
The availability of dual-chamber leadless pacemakers (LPs) expands the use of this technology for patients who need atrial pacing and reliable atrioventricular synchrony.1 Although the helix-fixation LPs are designed to be retrievable, only ventricular LPs have been removed in humans after extending dwell times. The retrievability of these devices will depend on being able to snare the proximal docking button of the LP and the amount of fibrotic tissue overgrowth.2