The global COVID-19 pandemic provided a “natural experiment” that demonstrated how international public-private collaborations can be not only feasible but also effective for addressing worldwide emergencies. The medical and scientific communities have been brought together and rallied to address a global health crisis, and have produced a number of effective treatments and prophylactics to control COVID-19. A similar coordinated approach, post-crisis, could be applied more generally, to help increase investments in science, innovation, and technology (SIT). However, there remain significant challenges. In this short paper we outline 4 of the key issues that we have identified as critical challenges that must be ad-dressed in order to develop an environment conducive to collaboration across organizations and governments, while also preserving commercial rewards for investors and innovators: 1. Increasing funding incentives through lower risk financing models; 2. Researcher collaboratio