Patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma have several options for first-line therapy, with robust evidence-based current guidelines providing strong support for one of three general immunotherapy strategies (CTLA-4 plus PD-1 blockade followed by anti–PD-1 alone, 2-year regimen; LAG3 plus PD-1 blockade, continuous therapy; or one of two approved anti–PD-1 antibodies, 2-year regimen). Patients without a targeted therapy option may be treated second line with additional immunotherapy, using a combination

Purpose Surrogate endpoints are commonly used to estimate treatment efficacy in clinical studies of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This patient- and trial-level analysis describes the correlation between progression-free survival (PFS) and minimal residual disease (MRD) with overall survival (OS) in first-line trials for CLL. Patients and Methods First, patient-level correlation was confirmed using source data from 12 front-line GCLLSG-trials. Additionally, a joint-frailty copula model was fitted to validate correlation in the setting of targeted therapies. Second, a meta-analysis of first-line phase III trials in CLL from 2008-2024 was performed. Treatment effect correlation was quantified from seven GCLLSG and nine published trials, using hazard ratios for time-to-event and odds ratios for binary endpoints. Results The GCLLSG analysis set comprised 4237 patients. Patient-level correlation for PFS/OS was strong with Spearman’s Rho >0.9. The joint-frailty copula indicated a weak c