-
Mashup Score: 0Gene score to quantify systemic inflammation in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis - 1 day(s) ago
Background and aims Quantifying systemic inflammation (SI) in acutely decompensated cirrhosis (ADC) is of major importance because SI is a driver of the most severe forms of ADC, including acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Blood biomarkers of SI already evaluated in ADC failed to appropriately assess SI in ADC. We aimed to investigate whether gene expression related to circulating immune cells could quantify SI in ADC. Methods Standard biomarkers (white cell count, C reactive protein, cytokines) and genome-wide RNA expression (RNA-sequencing) were obtained in blood from 700 patients with ADC at the time of their hospital admission. A composite score based on standard biomarkers of SI (Chronic Liver Failure-Standard Biomarkers Composite (CLIF-SBC) score) and a gene score (CLIF-Systemic Inflammation Gene (SIG) score) composed of the 28 top differentially expressed immune cell-related genes in the comparison between high-severity and low-severity clinical phenotypes were computed. Am
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet
-
Mashup Score: 2In vitro microbiota model recapitulates and predicts individualised sensitivity to dietary emulsifier - 2 day(s) ago
Background Non-absorbed dietary emulsifiers, including carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), directly disturb intestinal microbiota, thereby promoting chronic intestinal inflammation in mice. A randomised controlled-feeding study (Functional Research on Emulsifiers in Humans, FRESH) found that CMC also detrimentally impacts intestinal microbiota in some, but not all, healthy individuals. Objectives This study aimed to establish an approach for predicting an individual’s sensitivity to dietary emulsifiers via their baseline microbiota. Design We evaluated the ability of an in vitro microbiota model (MiniBioReactor Arrray, MBRA) to reproduce and predict an individual donor’s sensitivity to emulsifiers. Metagenomes were analysed to identify signatures of emulsifier sensitivity. Results Exposure of human microbiotas, maintained in the MBRA, to CMC recapitulated the differential CMC sensitivity previously observed in FRESH subjects. Furthermore, select FRESH control subjects (ie, not fed CMC) had m
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
Read the #GUTOnline paper by Rytter et al on "In vitro microbiota model recapitulates and predicts individualised sensitivity to dietary emulsifier" via https://t.co/USNDvuCvGj @BenoitChassaing @HeloiseRytter @SabrineNaimi @institutpasteur #GutMicrobiota https://t.co/c1ZYD1EFzb
-
-
Mashup Score: 0Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen response after finite treatment of ARC-520 or JNJ-3989 - 2 day(s) ago
Background and aims RNA interference has been extensively explored in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. We aimed to characterise the long-term efficacy of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) suppression. Methods We prospectively followed up participants with CHB who received siRNA, either ARC-520 or JNJ-73763989 (JNJ-3989), in combination with nucleoside analogue (NUC) in our centre. Participants enrolled included 15 receiving 4 monthly injections of ARC-520, 38 receiving 3 injections of JNJ-3989 at 1, 2 or 4 weekly intervals and 5 receiving placebo in previous clinical trials. Serial blood sampling was performed according to the original protocols and on completion every 24 weeks until last follow-up (LFU) with mean duration of 52.5 months. Results Among the 53 NUC+siRNA-treated participants (mean age 46.8, baseline HBsAg 3.08 log, 83% previously on NUC, 34% hepatitis B e antigen+), the proportion of patients achieving HBsAg serocleara
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
#GUTImage from the paper by Mak et al on "Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen response after finite treatment of ARC-520 or JNJ-3989" via https://t.co/43U0bp28Qy #HBV #HBsAg #HepatitisB https://t.co/jX2iL95kiN
-
-
Mashup Score: 1
Background Given the imperative to combat climate change, reducing the healthcare sector’s implications on the environment is crucial. Objective This study aims to offer a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of gastrointestinal endoscopy (GIE) procedures, specifically focusing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and waste generation. Design A prospective study was conducted at the Asian Institute of Gastroenterology (AIG Hospitals), Hyderabad, India, from 29 May to 10 June 2023, including all consecutive GIE procedures. Carbon emissions for various variables involved were calculated with specific emission factors using ‘The GHG Protocol’. Results Based on data from 3244 consecutive patients undergoing 3873 procedures, the study revealed a total carbon footprint of 148 947.32 kg CO2e or 38.45 kg CO2e per procedure. Excluding patient travel, the emissions were 6.50 kg CO2e per procedure. The total waste generated was 1952.50 kg, averaging 0.504 kg per procedure, far less t
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
#GUTOnline paper by Rughwani @drhrr et al on "Carbon footprinting and environmental impact of gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures at a tertiary care institution: a prospective multi-dimensional assessment" via https://t.co/J5ltRezmYc @drkalpala @AIGHospitals… https://t.co/Ndg7fh9fax https://t.co/Lw7kpWClM1
-
-
Mashup Score: 4
Background Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown promising effects on liver histology in phase 2 trials enrolling patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. However, the impact of GLP-1RAs on the long-term risk of major adverse liver-related outcomes (MALOs) remains uncertain. Objective We performed a meta-analysis of observational cohort studies to quantify the magnitude and direction of the association between GLP-1RA use and MALOs in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Design We systematically searched eligible cohort studies comparing GLP-1RA new users versus users of other glucose-lowering medications. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence rates of MALOs. Secondary outcomes included hepatic decompensation events, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related mortality. Random-effects models were used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs). Results 11 retrospective cohort studies with aggregate data on 1 467 220
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
Read the #GUTOnline paper by @CiroCelsa et al on "Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use is associated with a lower risk of major adverse liver-related outcomes: a meta-analysis of observational cohort studies" via https://t.co/WGVVr4y5Ph In a meta-analysis of 11 cohort… https://t.co/kySpc92Kyu https://t.co/2VYEPqnYha
-
-
Mashup Score: 1Aspirin is associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer and cancer-related mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus - 5 day(s) ago
Background Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have higher pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. While aspirin has chemopreventive effects on digestive cancers, its effect on PC among patients with T2DM is unclear. Methods This retrospective cohort study identified newly diagnosed adult patients with T2DM in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2015 from a territory-wide healthcare registry. Exclusion criteria were history of PC, pancreatic cyst, IgG4 disease, or pancreatectomy. To address reverse causality between PC and T2DM, we excluded patients with PC diagnosed within 1 year of T2DM. We also excluded patients with less than 1 year of observation. Primary outcome was PC, and secondary outcomes were PC-related and all-cause mortality. Aspirin use was treated as time-varying variable (≥180 day-use/year) to address immortal-time bias, and multivariable Cox regression model was employed to derive adjusted HR (aHR). Propensity-score (PS) matching was used as secondary analysis. Results Among 343
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
RT @DiegoLCano1: https://t.co/DXN5itgHfv
-
-
Mashup Score: 1
Background Enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses, such as hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV), remain notable threats to public health. However, stable and reliable animal models of HAV and HEV infection are lacking. Objective This study aimed to establish HAV and HEV infections in multiple small animals by intravenously injecting lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated full-length viral RNAs (LNP-vRNA). Design In vitro transcribed and capped full-length HAV RNA was encapsulated into LNP and was intravenously inoculated to Ifnar −/− mice, and HEV RNA to rabbits and gerbils. Virological parameters were determined by RT-qPCR, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Liver histopathological changes were analysed by H&E staining. Antiviral drug and vaccine efficacy were further evaluated by using the LNP-vRNA-based animal model. Results On intravenous injection of LNP-vRNA, stable viral shedding was detected in the faeces and infectious HAV or HEV was recovered from the livers of
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
#GUTImage from the paper by Liu et al on "Establishment of enterically transmitted hepatitis virus animal models using lipid nanoparticle-based full-length viral genome RNA delivery system" via https://t.co/861YHsMpRn #HepatitisVirus https://t.co/pXlQPzj2H4
-
-
Mashup Score: 4Host–microbiome determinants of insulin resistance in obesity: alone we go faster, together we go further! - 5 day(s) ago
It is now widely recognised that host–microbiome interactions play a major role in the control of energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are characterised by major shifts in the gut microbiota composition, reduced gut barrier integrity, metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance.1 2 Obesity is associated with increased intestinal permeability and translocation of bacterial fragments as well as intact bacteria to insulin-target tissues such as liver and fat.3 4 However, the underlying mechanisms linking specific taxa and microbiome-derived metabolites to systemic insulin resistance and metabolic alterations in target tissues still remain elusive. A major limitation in exploring the complex relationships between the microbiome and host metabolism is that the large majority of human studies are low powered and focused on changes in the faecal microbiota composition as a readout of microbiome changes that were linked to systemic metabolic endpoints.
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
Read the #GUTCommentary by Marette et al on "Host–microbiome determinants of insulin resistance in obesity: alone we go faster, together we go further!" via https://t.co/K39prZ7pOY #Microbiome #Obesity #GUTOnline https://t.co/g8fpVsSa8E
-
-
Mashup Score: 1
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in children. MASLD encompasses a spectrum of liver disease and can be severe, with 10% of affected children presenting with advanced fibrosis. While biopsy remains the most accurate method for diagnosing and staging the disease, MRI proton density fat fraction and magnetic resonance elastography are the most reliable non-invasive measures for assessing steatosis and fibrosis, respectively. MASLD is associated with multiple comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, decreased bone mineral density, obstructive sleep apnoea, anxiety and depression. Currently, there are no pharmacological treatments available for children, highlighting the urgent need for paediatric clinical trials. A diet low in free sugars is promising for reducing steatosis and decreasing alanine aminotransferase, a surrogate
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
Lovely #GUTOnline #GUTRecentAdvancesInClinicalPractice paper by Goyal et al on "Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children" via https://t.co/P29UfegWAV @theliverpost #MASLD https://t.co/EmLH4KWJKM
-
-
Mashup Score: 0Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen response after finite treatment of ARC-520 or JNJ-3989 - 16 day(s) ago
Background and aims RNA interference has been extensively explored in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. We aimed to characterise the long-term efficacy of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) suppression. Methods We prospectively followed up participants with CHB who received siRNA, either ARC-520 or JNJ-73763989 (JNJ-3989), in combination with nucleoside analogue (NUC) in our centre. Participants enrolled included 15 receiving 4 monthly injections of ARC-520, 38 receiving 3 injections of JNJ-3989 at 1, 2 or 4 weekly intervals and 5 receiving placebo in previous clinical trials. Serial blood sampling was performed according to the original protocols and on completion every 24 weeks until last follow-up (LFU) with mean duration of 52.5 months. Results Among the 53 NUC+siRNA-treated participants (mean age 46.8, baseline HBsAg 3.08 log, 83% previously on NUC, 34% hepatitis B e antigen+), the proportion of patients achieving HBsAg serocleara
Source: gut.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, GastroenterologyTweet-
#GUTImage from the paper by Mak et al on "Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen response after finite treatment of ARC-520 or JNJ-3989" via https://t.co/43U0bp28Qy #HBV #HBsAg #HepatitisB https://t.co/jX2iL95kiN
-
Read the #GUTOnline paper by @JonelTrebicka et al on "Gene score to quantify systemic inflammation in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis" via https://t.co/Nheglt6VQB @ef_clif @UK_Muenster #Cirrhosis https://t.co/0pTBhNUWnc