Clinical cardiovascular knowledge is highly valuable and in demand within the medical industry. It adds value to a wide range of industry activities: business development, marketing, research and development (R&D), mergers and acquisitions, regulatory and clinical operations, and market access. Doctors are typically defined by their relative strengths as self-motivated, industrious, academically gifted, effective communicators with attention to detail. Roles outside the healthcare provider sector exist at all career stages for people with these attributes, in addition to academic and clinical expertise. This series of articles will discuss themes relevant to such transitions. The earlier you transition, the less differentiated you are from peers or even non-clinically trained colleagues, and your healthcare knowledge will be more theoretical. You will have a wider range of potential employers within which to grow, but entry will be lower on the career ladder, and the value you bring as