ounger than 18 years old, admitted to a PICU with either PE or COVID-19 diagnoses. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among the PE-positive subgroups, from January 2020 to December 2021, 78 patients (14%) had an acute COVID-19 infection. The prevalence of PE pre-pandemic period (2018–2019) was 0.19% and for pandemic period (2020–2021) was 0.26% (p < 0.001). During the pandemic period, the prevalence of PE for COVID-negative patients was 0.21% and for COVID-positive patients was 1.01% (p < 0.001). The result shows that the chance to develop PE for COVID-positive patients is 4.8 times that for COVID-negative patients during the pandemic. In the subgroup of the PE-positive patients, 55.1% were Black or African American in the COVID-positive group and 19% in the COVID-negative group (p < 0.001). A multivariable logistic regression showed that race was an independent risk factor for COVID in PE-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates a significant increase in

e United States. SUBJECTS: Children ages 0–18 years admitted to participating PICUs from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022, with bleeding noted by bedside nurse. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The bleeding events were classified as minimal, moderate, or severe, according to the BASIC definition, by two independent physicians at two different time points. Patient demographic data, laboratory values, and clinical outcomes were collected. Three hundred twenty-eight patients were enrolled. The overall inter-rater reliability was substantial (weighted kappa coefficient, 0.736; 95% CI, 0.683–0.789), and the intra-rater reliability was “almost-perfect” (weighted kappa coefficient, 0.816; 95% CI, 0.769–0.863). The platelet count (p = 0.008), prothrombin time (p = 0.004), activated partial thromboplastin time (p = 0.025), and fibrinogen levels (p = 0.035) were associated with the bleeding severity, but the international normalized ratio was not (p = 0.195). Patients wer