Background Depression is a common and debilitating psychiatric disorder worldwide. Recognizing the relationships between depression-related factors can play a significant role in depression management. However, no study has yet used path analysis to examine the mediating role of physical activity, morning wake-up time, and sleep-inducing medication in the relationship between age and depression. Methods This path analysis study utilized data from the baseline phase of the Ravansar non-communicable disease cohort study. This study was conducted on people aged 35 to 65 years using sociodemographic, clinical, and the PERSIAN cohort’s standard physical activity questionnaires. These analyses were done using SPSS (version 22) and MPLUS (version 8.3). Path analysis was applied to evaluate the direct, indirect, and total effects of age on depression. Results The results indicated that increasing age was associated with an increase in depression through a decrease in physical activity and an i

Background Alcohol consumption frequently experiences episodes of severe anxiety. This study set out to explore the long-term effects of alcohol consumption on anxiety, revealing insights into how alcohol consumption uniquely impact anxiety, aiming to inform mental health and public health approaches. This research paper explores the complex relationship between the prevalence of anxiety and the consumption patterns of wine, beer, and spirits across fifty-two high-income countries with a continental analysis. Method By employing significant secondary data taken from the World Health Organization and Our World in Data online databases and covering the period from 1990 to 2019, this study seeks to explore various causality relationships over this period. Its primary objective is to fill the empirical gap in existing research by using Granger causality analysis to reveal the dynamic relationships between the consumption of alcohol and the prevalence of anxiety. This study endeavours to pr

Background This study aimed to systematically evaluate the associations between sedentary behavior (SB) in daily life and the risk of neck pain (NP), and to investigate the dose-response relationships between these variables across different populations, including variations in age, sex, occupation, and lifestyle practices. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase for cross-sectional, cohort and case-control studies examining the association between SB and NP risk. The National Institute of Health (NIH) quality assessment tool was utilized to evaluate study quality. Odds ratios (ORs) and relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between SB and NP. Due to significant heterogeneity among the studies, a random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis to obtain pooled estimates. Results A total of 25 studies with 43,184 participants met the eligibility criteria. Overall, the

Background Emerging research found air pollution may be associated with incident Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias. However, few studies have examined these associations at the global scale. This study aimed to assess the dynamic associations between ambient air pollution and the burden of AD and other dementias worldwide. Methods This study synthesised 149 countries/territories between 1990 and 2019. These data include age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of AD and other dementias, ambient air pollution (fine particulate matter [PM2.5], NO2 and O3 concentration) and a series of covariates were from various source. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) were calculated to investigate the temporal variations. Linear mixed models were adopted to assess the associations with single- and multi-pollutant separately. The associations between air pollution changes and the AD and other dementias were also examined using linear regressi

Background The emerging COVID-19 pandemic impacted excess mortality in adults. However, limited information is available about the number of children who died during and after the discontinuation of COVID-19 policies in Thailand. This study aimed to assess the excess mortality in Thai children during and after the discontinuation of COVID-19 policies in Thailand. Method We obtained data on all-cause mortality among children from birth until 15 years of age from the Thai Bureau of Registration Administration (BORA) between January 2015 and December 2023. Based on WHO methodology, the negative binomial distribution model was used to calculate expected mortality. The excess mortality was calculated by taking the difference between the actual all-cause and expected mortality and presented as a P-score. Results There were 81,510 all-cause deaths in children during the study period. Males were more affected than females, accounting for 60.5% of all deaths. Children younger than one year of a

Background Women’s reproductive years are a time of increased vulnerability to mental health problems. However, only a small proportion of women seek help, and seems that poor mental health literacy is a major obstacle in this regard. This study aimed to elucidate the concept and provide a better understanding of the main dimensions of mental health literacy in women of reproductive age. Methods This was a qualitative study. The participants included 14 women of reproductive age and 6 formal service providers. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using Granheim and Lundman’s conventional content analysis method. Results In all four themes emerged: ‘Knowledge of information sources and the ability to understand mental health’, ‘Ability to use mental health information in women’s lives’, ‘Adapting to mood changes specific to reproductive age’, and ‘Action for mental health promotion’. Conclusions This study sought to better understand the facto