Revealing the evolutionary history and contemporary population structure of Pacific salmon in the Fraser River through genome resequencing
The Fraser River once supported massive salmon returns, but now years with half of the recorded historical maximum are considered good. There is substantial interest from surrounding communities, governments, and other groups to increase salmon returns for both human use and for functional ecosystems. To help generate resources for this endeavour, we resequenced hundreds of genomes at moderate coverage (~16x) of Chinook ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ), coho ( O. kisutch ), and sockeye salmon ( O. nerka ) from the Fraser River. The resequenced genomes are an important resource that can give us new insights. In this study, we found evidence that Chinook salmon have 1.5-2x more polymorphic loci than coho or sockeye salmon. Using principal component analysis (PCA) and admixture analysis, we also identified genetic groups similar to those previously identified with only a few microsatellite markers. As the higher density data supports these previous genetic groups, it suggests that the identit