Left Atrial Intramural Hematoma during Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: The Important Role of Intracardiac Echo.
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) has become a worldwide method of treating atrial fibrillation (AF) (1-3). Intracardiac Echocardiography (ICE) is used during various steps of the RFCA since it can show the real-time anatomy of the heart and related structures, namely during transeptal puncture, monitor catheter position and contact, titer radiofrequency delivery, and promptly recognize complications such as thrombus formation, pericardial effusion, pulmonary veins encroaching, and help esophageal temperature monitoring (4-6).
