Cumulative Incidence of Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia: A Population-Based Cohort Study: Annals of Internal Medicine: Vol 0, No 0
Background: According to drug labels, the frequency of thiazide-induced hyponatremia is unknown or uncommon to very rare (that is, <1 in 10 000 to <1 in 100), but the exact burden remains unclear. Objective: To estimate the increase in the cumulative incidence of hyponatremia using thiazide diuretics compared with nonthiazide antihypertensive drugs in routine clinical practice. Design: Population and register-based cohort study using target trial emulation. Setting: Denmark, 1 January 2014 to 31 October 2018. Participants: Two target trials were emulated among persons aged 40 years or older who had no recent prescription for any antihypertensive drug, had no previous hyponatremia, and were eligible for the studied antihypertensive treatments. The first target trial emulation compared new use of bendroflumethiazide (BFZ) versus a calcium-channel blocker (CCB). The second target trial emulation compared new use of hydrochlorothiazide plus a renin–angiotensin system inhibitor (HCTZ–RASi;