Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Early-Onset vs Average-Onset Cholangiocarcinoma in the United States
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a lethal malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelium lining of the biliary tree, with a rising incidence in the Western world.1 It is commonly diagnosed in individuals older than 50 years, referred to as average-onset CCA (AOCCA), with established risk factors and prognostic indicators. However, our understanding of early-onset CCA (EOCCA), diagnosed in individuals younger than 50 years, remains limited. Recent data have found an alarming rise (>140%) in the incidence of intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) in people younger than 50 years in the United States from 2010 to 2019.