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Mashup Score: 0Diverticular Disease: Rapid Evidence Review - 11 month(s) ago
Diverticulitis should be suspected in patients with isolated left lower quadrant pain, abdominal distention or rigidity, fever, and leukocytosis. Initial laboratory workup includes a complete blood count, basic metabolic panel, urinalysis, and C-reactive protein measurement. Computed tomography with intravenous contrast is the preferred imaging modality, if needed to confirm diagnosis and assess…
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Mashup Score: 0Orthostatic Hypotension: A Practical Approach - 11 month(s) ago
Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or more systolic or 10 mm Hg or more diastolic within three minutes of standing from the supine position or on assuming a head-up position of at least 60 degrees during tilt table testing. Symptoms are due to inadequate physiologic compensation and organ hypoperfusion and include headache, lightheadedness, shoulder and…
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Mashup Score: 1Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach - 11 month(s) ago
A detailed history and physical examination can distinguish between key features of a benign primary headache and concerning symptoms that warrant further evaluation for a secondary headache. Most headaches that are diagnosed in the primary care setting are benign. Among primary headache disorders, tension-type headache is the most common, although a migraine headache is more debilitating and…
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Mashup Score: 0Barrett Esophagus: Rapid Evidence Review - 11 month(s) ago
Barrett esophagus is a premalignant change of the esophagus; however, malignant transformation to esophageal adeno-carcinoma is rare in patients without dysplasia. Barrett esophagus is estimated to affect up to 5.6% of the U.S. population. Risk factors for Barrett esophagus include gastroesophageal reflux disease, obesity, age older than 50 years, male sex, tobacco use, and a family history of…
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Mashup Score: 1Smoking Cessation Interventions - 11 month(s) ago
In the United States, 1 in 5 adults uses tobacco products. Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States despite its known health effects. Although nearly one-half of people who smoke try to quit each year, only up to 1 in 20 who quit without support achieve abstinence for at least six months. All patients, including school-aged children and…
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Mashup Score: 0Pruritus: Diagnosis and Management - 11 month(s) ago
Pruritus is the sensation of itching; it can be caused by dermatologic and systemic conditions. An exposure history may reveal symptom triggers. A thorough skin examination, including visualization of the finger webs, anogenital region, nails, and scalp, is essential. Primary skin lesions indicate diseased skin, and secondary lesions are reactive and result from skin manipulation, such as…
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Mashup Score: 2Heart Murmurs in Children: Evaluation and Management - 11 month(s) ago
Up to 8.6% of infants and 80% of children have a heart murmur during their early years of life. The presence of a murmur can indicate conditions ranging from no discernable pathology to acquired or congenital heart disease. In infants with a murmur, physicians should review the obstetric and family histories to detect the possibility of congenital heart pathologies. Evaluation by a pediatric…
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Mashup Score: 1Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder in Adults - 12 month(s) ago
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) are common mental health conditions in adults that are often seen in primary care. Although there is insufficient evidence to support universal screening for PD and GAD, evaluation should be considered in patients who express recurrent, pervasive worry or present with somatic symptoms not attributed to underlying medical conditions. The…
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Mashup Score: 0Metabolic Surgery for Adult Obesity: Common Questions and Answers - 12 month(s) ago
In 2019, approximately 256,000 metabolic surgery procedures were performed in the United States, a 32% increase since 2014. The most common procedures are the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Choice of procedure depends on concurrent medical conditions, patient preference, and expertise of the surgeon. These procedures have a mortality risk of 0.2% to 0.3%. On…
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Mashup Score: 0Long COVID: Rapid Evidence Review - 1 year(s) ago
Postacute sequelae of COVID-19, also known as long COVID, affects approximately 10% to 30% of the hundreds of millions of people who have had acute COVID-19. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines long COVID as the presence of new, returning, or ongoing symptoms associated with acute COVID-19 that persist beyond 28 days. The diagnosis of long COVID can be based on a previous…
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