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Mashup Score: 13Enteroblastic gastric cancer subtype holds therapeutic clues - 14 day(s) ago
In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Pathology , Pu and colleagues from the Nanjing University Medical School, China, report that NTRK gene alterations were enriched in gastric carcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation but not, as in the colon, dMMR-type gastric carcinomas.1 The study analysed 51 cases of EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)-associated gastric carcinomas, 94 cases of dMMR gastric carcinomas, 90 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation and 256 cases of conventional gastric carcinomas. All four tumours with NTRK gene alterations were identified in gastric carcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation. Among these four cases, two were associated with fusion ( NTRK2-SMCHD1 fusion and TPM3-NTRK1 ) and two with amplification ( NTRK1 and NTRK3 ). The role of NTRK amplification is unclear, but emerging evidence suggests that these genetic alterations may also be targetable.2 The study adds to the growing literature that g
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Mashup Score: 57Utility of an infectious and tropical disease histopathology diagnostic review service - 14 day(s) ago
Aim To assess the utility of a London-based infectious and tropical disease histopathology diagnostic review service. Methods The original and specialist review histopathology reports of 457 samples from over 3 years of referrals were compared retrospectively. Results Overall 329 (72.0%) showed no significant difference; 34 (7.4%) showed a non-clinically significant difference; and 94 (20.6%) showed a clinically significant difference. Of the 94 clinically significant discrepancies, 46 (48.9%) were incorrectly suspected infections; 19 (20.2%) were missed infections; 8 (8.5%) were different infections; and in 20 (21.3%), the specialist review yielded more specific identification of an organism or a more correct assessment of its viability. Conclusions A review of histopathology cases by an infectious disease (ID) histopathology referral centre has yielded a 20.6% clinically significant error rate. Measures to improve training in ID histopathology in the UK are discussed.
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Mashup Score: 13Enteroblastic gastric cancer subtype holds therapeutic clues - 15 day(s) ago
In this issue of the Journal of Clinical Pathology , Pu and colleagues from the Nanjing University Medical School, China, report that NTRK gene alterations were enriched in gastric carcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation but not, as in the colon, dMMR-type gastric carcinomas.1 The study analysed 51 cases of EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)-associated gastric carcinomas, 94 cases of dMMR gastric carcinomas, 90 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation and 256 cases of conventional gastric carcinomas. All four tumours with NTRK gene alterations were identified in gastric carcinoma with hepatoid or enteroblastic differentiation. Among these four cases, two were associated with fusion ( NTRK2-SMCHD1 fusion and TPM3-NTRK1 ) and two with amplification ( NTRK1 and NTRK3 ). The role of NTRK amplification is unclear, but emerging evidence suggests that these genetic alterations may also be targetable.2 The study adds to the growing literature that g
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Mashup Score: 17Risk assessment in pT1 colorectal cancer - 15 day(s) ago
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide and tumour stage is closely related to clinical outcome. A small but significant proportion of submucosal-invasive (ie, pT1) CRC are associated with regional lymph node metastases (LNM) and a worse prognosis. The likelihood of LNM in pT1 CRC needs to be balanced against the operative risk and costs of surgical resection when determining the best patient management. A wide range of histopathological and clinical factors may affect LNM risk in this setting. This script provides a comprehensive overview of the tumour and patient-associated features that have been linked to LNM risk in pT1 CRC. Some of the features are well established within the literature and are included in published guidelines, while others are novel and emerging in nature. Odds ratios for LNM that are associated with key predictive features are provided where appropriate, and published models developed as an aid to the calculation of LNM risk are discussed.
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Mashup Score: 9
Adenomyosis has long been referred to as the ‘elusive’ condition in gynaecology.1 Clinical diagnosis is complicated by symptoms shared with other gynaecological pathologies. Despite being a common part of preoperative workup, ultrasound and MRI lack both sensitivity and specificity.2 Histological assessment of the uterus, while viewed as gold standard, has an inter-pathologist variation as wide as 10–88%.3 The literature reports multiple reasons for this. Diagnosis predominantly relates to the distance of endometrial glands and stroma from the deepest point of the endomyometrial junction. The extent of invasion required for diagnosis, however, is still a matter of debate,4 with no consensus between pathology services. Furthermore, the spread of adenomyosis …
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Mashup Score: 19
Telomere maintenance and elongation allows cells to gain replicative immortality and evade cellular senescence during cancer development. While most cancers use telomerase to maintain telomere lengths, a subset of cancers engage the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway for telomere maintenance. ALT is present in 5%–10% of all cancers, although the prevalence is dramatically higher in certain cancer types, including complex karyotype sarcomas, isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant astrocytoma (WHO grade II–IV), pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, neuroblastoma and chromophobe hepatocellular carcinomas. ALT is maintained through a homology-directed DNA repair mechanism. Resembling break-induced replication, this aberrant process results in dramatic cell-to-cell telomere length heterogeneity, widespread chromosomal instability and chronic replication stress. Additionally, ALT-positive cancers frequently harbour inactivating mutations in either chromatin remodelling proteins ( ATRX
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Mashup Score: 21
Paired-like homeobox 2B ( PHOX2B ) is a gene essential in the development of the autonomic nervous system. PHOX2B mutations are associated with neurocristopathies—Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS)—and peripheral neuroblastic tumours. PHOXB2 plays an important role in the diagnostics of these conditions. Genotyping of a PHOX2B pathogenic variant is required to establish a diagnosis of CCHS. In HSCR patients, PHOX2B immunohistochemical staining has proven to be a valuable tool in identifying this disease. Furthermore, PHOXB2 is a predisposition gene for neuroblastoma, in which PHOX2B immunohistochemical staining can be used as a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic marker. The utility of PHOX2B immunohistochemistry in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma has also been studied but yields conflicting results. In this review, an overview is given of PHOX2B , its associated diseases and the usefulness of PHOX2B immunohistochemistry as a diag
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Mashup Score: 6Journal of Clinical Pathology: 77 (3) - 18 day(s) ago
(12 December, 2023) Jeremy Adler, Khaled Algashaamy, Monica T Garcia de Buitrago, Andre Pinto, Elizabeth Anne Montgomery (24 November, 2023) Alexander T Kikuchi, Naoki Akanuma, Won-Tak Choi, Ryan M Gill, Sanjay Kakar (20 December, 2023) Neil A Shepherd (22 November, 2023) Free Murali Varma, Laura C Collins, Runjan Chetty, Dipti M Karamchandani, Karen Talia, John Dormer, Monika Vyas, Brendan Conn, Yaileen D Guzmán-Arocho, Adam V Jones, Miranda Pring, W Glenn McCluggage (19 February, 2024) Monika Vyas,
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Mashup Score: 6Journal of Clinical Pathology: 77 (3) - 21 day(s) ago
(12 December, 2023) Jeremy Adler, Khaled Algashaamy, Monica T Garcia de Buitrago, Andre Pinto, Elizabeth Anne Montgomery (24 November, 2023) Alexander T Kikuchi, Naoki Akanuma, Won-Tak Choi, Ryan M Gill, Sanjay Kakar (20 December, 2023) Neil A Shepherd (22 November, 2023) Free Murali Varma, Laura C Collins, Runjan Chetty, Dipti M Karamchandani, Karen Talia, John Dormer, Monika Vyas, Brendan Conn, Yaileen D Guzmán-Arocho, Adam V Jones, Miranda Pring, W Glenn McCluggage (19 February, 2024) Monika Vyas,
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Mashup Score: 6Journal of Clinical Pathology: 77 (3) - 22 day(s) ago
(12 December, 2023) Jeremy Adler, Khaled Algashaamy, Monica T Garcia de Buitrago, Andre Pinto, Elizabeth Anne Montgomery (24 November, 2023) Alexander T Kikuchi, Naoki Akanuma, Won-Tak Choi, Ryan M Gill, Sanjay Kakar (20 December, 2023) Neil A Shepherd (22 November, 2023) Free Murali Varma, Laura C Collins, Runjan Chetty, Dipti M Karamchandani, Karen Talia, John Dormer, Monika Vyas, Brendan Conn, Yaileen D Guzmán-Arocho, Adam V Jones, Miranda Pring, W Glenn McCluggage (19 February, 2024) Monika Vyas,
Source: jcp.bmj.comCategories: General Medicine News, General HCPsTweet
All you need to know about hepatoid carcinomas. An editorial and a new study uncover NTRK alterations in hepatoid carcinomas and adenocarcinomas with enteroblastic differentiation. 📖🔬 Don't miss our latest insights! 🚀🧬https://t.co/eqs9qfhvd1 https://t.co/C8C24d60FI https://t.co/H1GFnsQAam