Association between vitamin D deficiency and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) incidence and recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objectives The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D level and the risk of developing benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) incidence and recurrence in countries in the Northern Hemisphere. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published between January 2000 and February 2023. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Participants located in the Northern Hemisphere aged 18 or over with at least one episode of BPPV, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels measured and reported, no comorbidities or history of vitamin D supplementation. Data extraction and synthesis Data extraction and synthesis were performed by a single reviewer and checked by a second reviewer. Inclusion and exclusion criteria and risk of bias were assessed by two independent reviewers using the Newcastle Ottawa Tool for Cohort studies and Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Nonrandomised Stu