Ciliated foregut cysts involving the hepatopancreaticobiliary system: a clinicopathological evaluation with focus on atypical features
Aims Foregut cystic malformations are rare developmental abnormalities, which may involve the hepatopancreaticobiliary tract (HPBT). These cysts are composed of inner ciliated epithelium; subepithelial connective tissue layer; smooth muscle layer; and an outer fibrous layer. While radiopathologic findings are often diagnostic, atypical location and histologic features can pose a diagnostic challenge. We aimed to study ciliated foregut cysts (CFCs) in the HPBT, assess their clinicopathological features with a focus on atypical features. Methods We collected cases of CFCs involving the HPBT from three large academic medical centres. H&E-stained slides and immunohistochemical stains (where available) were reviewed for each case. Relevant demographic, clinical and pathological information was collected from the medical records. Results 21 cases were identified. The median age was 53 years (range, 3–78 years). 17 cysts were identified within the liver (segment 4 was the most common location