Pluripotency and the origin of animal multicellularity

A widely held—but rarely tested—hypothesis for the origin of animals is that they evolved from a unicellular ancestor, with an apical cilium surrounded by a microvillar collar, that structurally resembled modern sponge choanocytes and choanoflagellates1–4. Here we test this view of animal origins by comparing the transcriptomes, fates and behaviours of the three primary sponge cell…

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